Conducting Integrated Surveys and Field Investigation. Integrated Surveys are conducted with two objectives.

1. To collect facts and figures regarding production systems and environment for project formulation and
2. To establish Bench Marks for evaluation of impact made by the project on selected parameters.

The following types of surveys are to be conducted :
A. Resource Inventorisation     B. Production Systems     C. Socio-Economic Survey

A. Resource Inventorisation
Characterization of production environment.
(i) Land Resources : Slope, Erosion, Texture, Depth.
Soil Survey :
Permeability - Land capability classification.
Special problems – Salinity, albalinity, accurence of hardpans in soil profile, etc.
Location, length and courses of drainage lines.
General fertility levels of arable and non-arable lands (good, moderate, poor).

(ii) Water Resources : Hydrological Survey : ( Collect from nearest meteorological station)
Rainfall :
Total average annual rainfall
Average weekly rainfall
Weekly ET and moisture availability if available.
Intensity of rainfall and maximum rainfall in 24 hours on last 10 years.
Ground Water Level - depth of water table in different seasons.
Surface flow runoff – Amount and nature of surface flow. Hydrological behavior of drainage lines (consult local people).

B. Production Systems

1. Crop and Cropping Systems : Describe existing crops and cropping system. Discuss with farmers about their merits, demerits, preferences and compulsions. Document local varieties of crops. Discuss diversified land use including agro-forestry, horticulture, fisheries, etc.
2. Dryland Horticultures : Number and occurences of horticultural trees on homestead, farmland. Number of tress and area under orchards and graoves. Discuss with people for promotion of dryland horticulture.
3. Livestock and Animal Husbandry : Describe kind and number of animal poultry, fishery, rabbit rearing, etc. Discuss with people about potential and plans for livestock development including controlling their population to reduce biotic pressure.
4. Grazing ground and pasture : Describe occurrence ,area, vegetation and current grazing practices. Discuss a villagers/users about development potential and plan for grazing/cut and carry systems, stall feeding, etc.

Village Industries : Describe existing village industries like bio- fertilizer, sericulture, lac culture, bee-keeping, agro-processing units, if any, and their role in village economy.

C. Socio Economic Survey

• Human Resources :- Demographic Survey :
• Population : Growth and density.
• Composition : Sex, age, caste, grouping, people in working age, number of persons in need of wage employment. Range and overage size of families.
• Literacy : Educational level, number of schools, drop-outs, young farmers and farm woman who may read and write.
• Village crafts and skills : Number of families practicing village crafts and rural industry- carpenters, blacksmith, bather craft, etc.

Migration and movement : Seasonal and regular in and out movement.